There are three key 'starting' attitudes that every owner should be familiar with. These are:

RELAXED DOG

- body posture in natural position

- ears standing, not pointing forward

- mouth open, tongue visible

- eyes calmly observing the surroundings

- body posture relaxed

- dog loads all limbs - stands evenly on all feet

- tail loosely lowered, not moving

This set of signals indicates that the dog is relaxed. It does not feel threatened or frightened by what is going on around it.

ALERT DOG

- head raised and pointing towards the source of the sound

- ears standing, leaning forward, moving to listen

- eyes wide open

- mouth closed, nostrils moving to catch scent

- body leaning slightly forward

- standing on tiptoe

- tail in horizontal position - not flexed or wagging

This set of signals means that the dog has noticed something interesting in the environment e.g. another dog or a squirrel. The dog has focused its attention on the object and has become alert.

DOG PLAYING

- ears standing up

- mouth open, tongue may be visible

- pupils dilated

- front of body lowered on legs

- dog makes a "nod" inviting the other dog to play

- front legs are placed narrowly

- tail is up and may move vigorously

This set of signals indicates an invitation to the other dog to play. This may include vocalisation, jumping, etc.